<p>
Energy consumption per capita stands at 6.21 toe, suggesting the potential for energy efficiency measures in the demand-side sector.</p>
<p>
The transport sector is by far the most energy-intensive in the country, accounting for almost a third of total final energy consumption. In 2009, Saudi Arabia consumed 97,770 ktoe of energy. By sector, the transport sector consumed the most at 33,959 ktoe, followed by industry at 17,452 ktoe, the residential sector at 10,197 ktoe, commercial and public services at 4,551 ktoe and agriculture and forestry at 435 ktoe. By source, oil products contributed the most at 63,539 ktoe, followed by electricity at 15,778 ktoe, natural gas at 13,458 ktoe, crude oil at 5,000 ktoe and biofuels and waster at 4 ktoe.</p>
<p>
Saudi Arabia is the largest oil consuming nation in the Middle East. In 2009, Saudi Arabia consumed approximately 2.4 million bbl/d of oil, up 50 percent since 2000, due to strong economic and industrial growth and subsidized prices.</p>
<p>
A study estimated that applying energy conservation measures, namely improving thermal insulation of the external walls and roofs, more efficient glazing, fitting external shading devices, and fitting energy-efficient fluorescent lighting, in the apartment complex could collectively achieve energy consumption reductions of around 32.4%.</p>
<p>
A study investigated the influence of major design and operational parameters for different types of heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems on energy consumption and found that energy savings of up to 30% can be obtained in commercial buildings while maintaining acceptable level of thermal comfort when HVAC systems are properly selected and operated.<br />
<br />
<strong>Industry</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
Energy auditing for the sector, led by ESCOs as part of the National Energy Efficiency Programme (NEEP 2003-2009).</li>
<li>
Promotion of high-efficiency electric motor use.</li>
<li>
Proposals for the appointment of Energy Managers for large consumers.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong>Utilities</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
Demand-side load management activities.</li>
<li>
Supply-side efficiency measures, including shifting capacity towards natural gas generation, and power factor reductions.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong>Transport</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
No current policy, but proposals will be made under Phase II of the NEEP, which is yet to be implemented.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong>Residential</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
Energy efficiency codes for new residential buildings.</li>
<li>
Standards &amp; Labelling programs for air conditioners, consumer-grade electric motors and lighting.</li>
</ul>
<p>
<strong>Public</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
Enhancements to the institutional infrastructure to promote EE., as well as broader involvement of the private sector.</li>
<li>
Proposals for a Saudi Energy Efficiency Centre, a central institute to regulate EE programs.</li>
<li>
EE education in high schools.</li>
</ul>