The fundamental lesson from the Indian experience for any country looking to rapidly accelerate expansion of electricity access is that market-based decentralized renewable energy solutions represent the fastest and most cost-effective ways to bring energy to underserved rural and peri-urban populations; but to leverage the innovation, expertise and investment of the private sector, governments must work to include such approaches in development and electrification master planning, and to develop sustainable mechanisms for compensating private operators and providers of energy services for providing a public good to society.